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A Complex DiseaseBCMA as a TargetHealth Disparities in MMResources
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex disease with ongoing unmet needs1Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex disease with ongoing unmet needs1

MM is considered to be an incurable disease with inevitable relapse. Patients with MM often experience shorter remissions and diminished responses to subsequent therapies as they progress through lines of treatment.1

Each relapse is typically accompanied
by1-4

Each relapse is typically accompanied by1-4

Increased risk of treatment resistance

Diminished responses to subsequent therapies

Shorter remissions

Reduced quality of life

Increased risk of treatment resistance

Diminished responses to subsequent therapies

Shorter remissions

Reduced quality of life

Additionally, overall survival (OS) diminishes as patients become refractory to treatments5Additionally, overall survival (OS) diminishes as patients become refractory to treatments5

A retrospective study following 275 patients with MM in the US from January 2017 to June 2018 showed a median OS of5:

9.2 months in patients who were at least triple-refractory*5.6 months in patients who were penta-refractory†Expert perspectives in MMExpert perspectives in MM Unmet needs for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) Watch Dr. Richter discuss ongoing unmet needs for patients with RRMMWatch videoLoadingComplexity increases as MM progresses6,7Complexity increases as MM progresses6,7

There are several therapeutic options for the treatment of RRMM, often given in different combinations. However, treatment choice is complicated by several factors:

  • Combination regimens are used as first-line therapy and at first relapse, increasing the number of therapies a patient has received with each line
     
  • Patient and disease characteristics need to be assessed at each relapse
Patients who were at least triple-refractory were defined as being refractory to 1 CD38 mAb, 1 PI, and 1 or 2 IMiDs; or 1 CD38 mAb, 1 or 2 PIs, and 1 IMiD.5Patients who were penta-refractory were defined as being refractory to 1 CD38 mAb, 2 PIs, and 2 IMiDs.5

CD=cluster of differentiation; IMiD=immunomodulatory drug; mAb=monoclonal antibody; PI=proteasome inhibitor.

References:Shah N, Chari A, Scott E, Mezzi K, Usmani SZ. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in multiple myeloma: rationale for targeting and current therapeutic approaches. Leukemia. 2020;34:985-1005. doi:10.1038/s41375-020-0734-zChim CS, Kumar SK, Orlowski RZ, et al. Management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: novel agents, antibodies, immunotherapies, and beyond. Leukemia. 2018;32:252-262. doi:10.1038/leu.2017.329Mikhael J. Treatment options for triple-class refractory multiple myeloma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2020;20:1-7. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2019.09.621Ramsenthaler C, Osborne TR, Gao W, et al. The impact of disease-related symptoms and palliative care concerns on health-related quality of life in multiple myeloma: a multi-centre study. BMC Cancer. 2016;16:427. doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2410-2Gandhi UH, Cornell RF, Lakshman A, et al. Outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma refractory to CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody therapy. Leukemia. 2019;33:2266-2275. doi:10.1038/s41375-019-0435-7Caraccio C, Krishna S, Phillips DJ, Schürch CM. Bispecific antibodies for multiple myeloma: a review of targets, drugs, clinical trials, and future directions. Front Immunol. 2020;11:501. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00501Jagannath S, Rifkin RM, Gasparetto CJ, et al. Development of a predictive model of multiple myeloma (MM) patient outcomes treatment (TX) sequencing data from the Connect® MM Patient Registry. Poster presented at: The 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Hematology Association (EHA); June 14-17, 2018; Stockholm, Sweden. MM disease state overview

Learn more about unmet needs in MM

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